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Sixth Plan (1980-1985)
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New Department of
Environment set up.
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Major activities
in the areas of water and air pollution control, EIA, natural living
resource conservation, ecological studies by the Botanical Survey of
India (BSI) and Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), environmental
information, education, training and awareness.
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A ten year review
in respect of appendices on flora for CITES prepared.
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An integrated
study of the Ganga basin completed and integrated River Basin Studies
for the Brahmaputra, Indus and Narmada proposed to be taken up.
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The Wildlife
Institute set up in 1982-83 for building up of scientific knowledge on
wildlife research.
Seventh Plan (1985-1990)
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Significant
progress under the Ganga Action Plan, forestry and wildlife, wasteland
development, and island development sectors.
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Programme on waste
recycling and prevention of coastal pollution initiated.
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EIA of major river
valleys and hydroelectric, mining, industrial and thermal power projects
carried out through Environmental Appraisal Committee.
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National Forest
Policy formulated in 1988 with the principal aim of ensuring
environmental stability and maintenance of the ecological balance.
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Implementation of
the 10 point National Wildlife Plan initiated.
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Considerable
increase in the total area brought under afforestation programme and the
National Development Board set up in 1985.
Eighth Plan (1992-1997)
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Activities for
abatement of pollution undertaken, which included management and
operation of national air and water quality network, controlling
pollution at sources, river basin studies, hazardous waste management;
development of criteria for eco-labeling of consumer products, remedial
measures for vehicular pollution; training of personnel engaged in
controlling pollution and organizing nationwide awareness programme for
prevention and control of pollution, promoting adoption of Clean
Technologies in small scale industries.
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Incentives to
adopt efficiency enhancing and waste minimization practices like,
enhancement of cess rates on water consumption, duty concessions on
import of certain pollution control equipment, accelerated depreciation
on pollution abatement equipment.
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Various carrying
capacity studies (Doon Valley, National Capital Region), on improving
methodology and techniques of EIA carried out.
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BSI and ZSI
surveys conducted.
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Scheme on
Biodiversity Conservation was initiated in 1991-92.
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Programme such as
Man and Biosphere Programme, The environmental Research Programme,
research climate change was undertaken.
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More than 5000
clubs launched for providing environmental education amongst children.
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National River
Conservation Plan approved in 1995.
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Several steps for
afforestation and eco-development undertaken.
Ninth Plan (1997-2002)
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Programme under
the above Plan included attempts to phase out lead in motor spirit,
improvement in quality of high speed diesel.
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Focused on
integration of environmental concerns with decision making.
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Area specific
programmes also stressed upon like National River Conservation Programme
that started National Lake Conservation Programme. Taj Trapezium,
schemes to protect Himalayan ecosystem and biodiversity, programmes for
sustainable development of islands; Islands Development Authority (IDA)
was constituted in 1998.
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Initiatives
towards strengthening, environmental statistics and mapping, management
of biosphere reserves, biodiversity conservation, environmental
education and training.
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Schemes similar to
8th Plan for afforestation, wetland development also
envisaged by the Plan.
Tenth Plan (2002-2007)
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Reconciliation of
population and economic growth with environmental conservation perceived
as an urgent necessity.
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Action plans to be
initiated for reducing pollution levels.
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Management of
hazardous wastes through collection, processing and disposal to be given
priority.
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Emphasis on
environmental educational education amongst masses through the
involvement of NGOs, Youth educational institutes.
Source: Five-Year Plans, Planning
Commission (various years) as cited in
Uberoi, 2003.
References
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