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Text Box: PUNJAB ENVIS CENTRE
STATE ENVIRONMENT ISSUES

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DEMOGRAPHY

Text Box: Demography Trends | Density of Population  | Sex Ratio |
Population Control

 

 

 

Demography is the study of human populations. It encompasses the study of the size, structure and distribution of populations, and how populations change over time due to births, deaths, migration and ageing. Demographic analysis can relate to whole societies or to groups defined by criteria such as education, nationality, religion and ethnicity.

 

Text Box: India accounts for 2.4% of world’s surface area and 16.7% of the world population. As per census of India 2001, it is the second largest populated country (to cross one billion mark) in the world after China with 1,028,737,436 persons. The population of the country increased by 21.34 % between 1991 - 2001. The sex ratio (i.e., number of females per thousand males) of population was 933, rising from 927 as at the 1991 Census. Total literacy rate was 65.38%.
According to the 2001 census there lived about 2.4% people of India in Punjab. It shows that Punjab accommodates more people than its capacity. Punjab ranks 15th population wise in India
Further, Punjab is a small state having an area of 50362 square kilometers, which is 1.56% of the total area of India. The total population of Punjab during 2001 stood at 2, 43, 58,999 persons as per the results of the Census of India 2001. The State has registered a lower decennial growth rate of 20.10% when compared to national average of 21.54%. 
Sex ratio of population has come down from 882 in 1991 to 876 in the present census. Total literacy rose to 69.7% from 58.51% during 1991 Census.
The state is facing some severe environmental problems, ranging from air and water pollution to deforestation and desertification, and its large population is putting a strain on its natural resources. Most of the other problems like over exploitation of shrinking natural resources, hunger and malnutrition, increasing unemployment and socio-economic insecurity, rising human-resource exploitation, frustration/ indiscipline/disorders, inadequate infrastructure, etc in our country and this state have emerged mainly because of ever increasing population.
It is important that for environment protection & overall growth of the state, we must attain goals like betterment of life support system and hence population. This can be achieved only by controlling the population and efficient use of natural resources.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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