No single technical option,
whether at macro or at micro level, is in a position to offer economically
viable options for all parts of a large country like India. This is
because location factors have a dominating influence. Site conditions at
certain places may be favorable for construction of only large dams or
only small dams or only tube wells in which case the question of choice
does not arise. The same argument applies to each of the other
alternatives.
Before implementation of any technology a comprehensive analysis of all
its impacts, direct as well as indirect, primary as well as secondary,
sustainable as well as non-sustainable, favorable and unfavorable should
be made. Hence, there should always be a search for area specific optimum
mix of technologies and actions.
Some of the important
technologies for water resource management are discussed below:-